Formation of tungsten oxide nanowires by ion irradiation and vacuum annealing.

Title	Formation of tungsten oxide nanowires by ion irradiation and vacuum annealing.
Authors	X.D. Zheng; F. Ren; H.Y. Wu; W.J. Qin; C.Z. Jiang
Journal	Nanotechnology
DOI	10.1088/1361-6528/aaac09
Abstract	Here we reported the fabrication of tungsten oxide (WO) nanowires by Arion irradiation of WOthin films followed by annealing in vacuum. The nanowire length increases with increasing irradiation fluence and with decreasing ion energy. We propose that the stress-driven diffusion of the irradiation-induced W interstitial atoms is responsible for the formation of the nanowires. Comparing to the pristine film, the fabricated nanowire film shows a 10-fold enhancement in electrical conductivity, resulting from the high-density irradiation-induced vacancies on the oxygen sublattice. The nanostructure exhibits largely enhanced surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect due to the oxygen vacancy. Thus, ion irradiation provides a powerful approach for fabricating and tailoring the surface nanostructures of semiconductors.
Citation	X.D. Zheng; F. Ren; H.Y. Wu; W.J. Qin; C.Z. Jiang.Formation of tungsten oxide nanowires by ion irradiation and vacuum annealing.. Nanotechnology. 2018;29(15):155301. doi:10.1088/1361-6528/aaac09

Related Elements

Tungsten

74 W 183.840000000 Tungsten

See more Tungsten products. Tungsten (atomic symbol: W, atomic number: 74) is a Block D, Group 6, Period 6 element with an atomic weight of 183.84. The number of electrons in each of tungsten's shells is [2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2] and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s². Tungsten Bohr Model The tungsten atom has a radius of 139 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 210 pm. Tungsten was discovered by Torbern Bergman in 1781 and first isolated by Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar in 1783. In its elemental form, tungsten has a grayish white, lustrous appearance. Elemental Tungsten Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the metallic elements and a density comparable to that or uranium or gold and about 1.7 times that of lead. Tungsten alloys are often used to make filaments and targets of x-ray tubes. It is found in the minerals scheelite (CaWO₄) and wolframite [(Fe,Mn)WO₄]. In reference to its density, Tungsten gets its name from the Swedish words tung and sten, meaning heavy stone.